Glossary

The words behind a click

Defined by how the web actually behaves, including the parts that make the numbers less certain than they look.

3

301 vs 302
Permanent and temporary redirects. The difference decides whether browsers cache the hop, which decides whether you can count it or change it later.

A

Attribution
Deciding which placement, campaign or channel deserves credit for an outcome.

B

Back-half
The part of a short link after the domain: the key the server looks up to find the destination.
Bot traffic
Automated requests to a link that no person made: previews, security scanners, crawlers and monitoring.

C

CNAME record
A DNS record that points one hostname at another, which is how a custom domain is attached to a shortener.
Custom domain
A domain you own, pointed at a link shortener, so your short links carry your name instead of the shortener's.

I

IP geolocation
Estimating where a visitor is by looking their IP address up in a database of allocated ranges.

L

Link rot
The steady failure of published links over time, as destinations move, sites close, or the service in the middle shuts down.

O

Open redirect
A URL on a trusted domain that will forward a visitor to any destination given to it, which attackers use to borrow that domain's reputation.

Q

QR code
A two-dimensional barcode that encodes text, usually a URL, so a camera can open it without anyone typing.
Query string
The part of a URL after the question mark, carrying key and value pairs that travel with the request.

R

Redirect
An HTTP response that tells the browser to go somewhere else, using a 3xx status and a Location header.
Referrer
The page a visitor came from, as reported by their browser in the Referer header, when it reports one at all.
Referrer-Policy
A header a site sends to control how much of its URL is passed on when someone follows a link away from it.

S

Short link
A brief URL that redirects to a longer one, used to make links shareable, printable, and countable.

U

Unique clicks
An estimate of how many separate people opened a link, as distinct from how many times it was opened.
User agent
A string a browser sends identifying itself, its version and the operating system, from which device and browser breakdowns are derived.
UTM parameters
Tags added to a URL's query string that name where a link was published, so analytics can tell one placement from another.